Took NAD+, NR or NMN for more energy and felt nothing?
It's probably not your fault.
Here's what the research shows happens after you swallow it, and what most labels leave out.
TR1
Every cell in your body runs on NAD.
Your mitochondria use it to turn food into energy.
NAD picks up energy from your food and becomes NADH, its charged form. NADH then hands that energy to your mitochondria.
Covarrubias et al., Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2021
What happens after you swallow it · 1 of 4
Step one: your gut.
Before NR or NMN reaches your bloodstream, gut enzymes and gut bacteria start breaking it apart.
Shats et al., Cell Metabolism, 2020. Yaku et al., Science Advances, 2025. Animal studies.
What happens after you swallow it · 2 of 4
Step two: your liver.
Most of what's left gets turned into nicotinamide, a basic form of vitamin B3, before it reaches the rest of your body.
Your cells then have to rebuild NAD from those pieces.
Liu et al., Cell Metabolism, 2018. Animal study.
What happens after you swallow it · 3 of 4
Step three: your blood.
Some of it does. In human trials, NR and NMN reliably raise the NAD measured in your blood, anywhere from about 60% to three times higher.
Martens et al., Nature Communications, 2018. Wu et al., eClinicalMedicine, 2025.
What happens after you swallow it · 4 of 4
Step four: how you feel.
Here's the part most brands skip. In most placebo-controlled trials, people taking NR or NMN reported no real change in energy or fatigue.
Higher numbers in a blood test didn't turn into a better afternoon.
Damgaard & Treebak, Science Advances, 2023. Wu et al., eClinicalMedicine, 2025.
Some bottles don't even contain what the label says.
When an independent lab tested NMN supplements in 2024, many held a fraction of what their label claimed. Three had no NMN at all.
Supplements don't need FDA approval before they're sold, so what's inside only gets checked if the brand chooses to test it.
Sandalova et al., GeroScience, 2024
TR1 gives you NAD in its charged form.
Each sachet holds 50 mg of NADH. It's already the charged form, so your body doesn't have to build it from NR or NMN first.
NADH breaks down in acid, so TR1 wraps it in protective liposomes, with up to 22x better absorption in our partner's research.
Liposomal absorption: TR1 liposomal partner research. NADH acid sensitivity: Wolfe et al., Molecules, 2024.
Independently tested by Eurofins.
TR1 is made in Europe in GMP-compliant facilities and tested by Eurofins, an independent lab.
Certificates of Analysis are available on request, so you can see exactly what's in every sachet.
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Claim my offer*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Individual results vary. Anatomical images on this page are illustrations created for it.
References: Covarrubias AJ et al., Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2021. Shats I et al., Cell Metab, 2020. Yaku K et al., Sci Adv, 2025. Liu L et al., Cell Metab, 2018. Martens CR et al., Nat Commun, 2018. Wu et al., eClinicalMedicine, 2025. Damgaard MV, Treebak JT, Sci Adv, 2023. Sandalova E et al., GeroScience, 2024. Wolfe et al., Molecules, 2024.
